Surgical sponge associated with platelets rich plasma in skin mesh grafts and layer in rabbits (Oryctolagus cuniculus) / Esponja cirúrgica associada com plasma rico em plaquetas em enxertos cutâneos em malha e camada em coelhos (Oryctolagus cuniculus)

The aim of this study was to evaluate of the efficacy of PRP employment associated with surgical sponges to improve the integration of the graft in the recipient bed. It was held at the Veterinary Hospital UNESP, Campus of Jaboticabal - SP, a study of 64 rabbits, divided into eight groups with eight animals. The groups were divided in control with saline solution 0,9%, control with PRP both without the sponge, surgical sponge with PRP, surgical sponge without PRP, and were used mesh and layer grafts in the respective groups. The data were submitted to statistical analysis (paired t-test, Kruskal-Wallis test, with subsequent use of the multiple comparison tests of Dunn, analysis of variance (F) test, Tukey test, P< 0.05). Edema and exudate with 3 and 3 and 7 days (P= 0,03 e P= 0,0049); coloring on the 14th day (P= 0,0001); cosmetic appearance on the 7th and 14th day (P= 0,0026 and P= 0,0001); mononuclear cells (P= 0,01) and polymorphonuclear (P= 0,01); fibroblast proliferation (P= 0,01); collagenous (P= 0,05); hemorrhage (P-007); necrosis and re-epithelialization (P= 0,2928 and P= 0,1). We concluded that the use of Platelet Rich Plasma Gel on skin grafts associated with a sponge as a compressive dressing promote the skin graft survival without a previous granulation tissue.(AU)

O objetivo deste estudo foi avaliar a eficácia do PRP associado com esponjas cirúrgicas na integração do enxerto ao leito receptor. Realizou-se, no Hospital Veterinário da Unesp, Jaboticabal, SP, um estudo com 64 coelhos, separados em oito grupos, com oito animais. Os grupos foram: Gprpc (PRP, sem esponja cirúrgica, enxerto camada), Gprpce (PRP, esponja cirúrgica, enxerto camada), Gcc (solução fisiológica 0,9%, sem esponja cirúrgica, enxerto camada), Gcce (solução fisiológica 0,9%, esponjas cirúrgicas, enxerto camada), Gprpm (PRP, sem esponja cirúrgica, enxerto malha), Gprpme (PRP, esponja cirúrgica, enxerto malha), Gcm (solução fisiológica 0,9%, sem esponja cirúrgica, enxerto malha) e Gcce (solução fisiológica 0,9%, esponjas cirúrgicas, malha). Os dados foram analisados pelo teste t emparelhado, Kruskal-Wallis, análise de variância, e teste de Tukey (P<0,05). Edema e exsudato presente com três e sete dias (P=0,03 e P=0,0049); coloração cianótica no 14º dia (P=0,0001); aspecto cosmético bom no sétimo e no 14º dia (P=0,00026 e P=0,0001); presença de células mononucleares (P=0,01) e polimorfonucleares (P=0,01); proliferação de fibroblastos discreta (P=0,01); colagenização intensa (P=0,05); hemorragia discreta (P=0,007); ausência de diferença significativa em necrose e reepitelização (P=0,2928 e P=0,1). Conclui-se que o emprego do PRP gel em enxertos cutâneos associando esponjas cirúrgicas como curativo compressivo favorece sua integração ao leito receptor sem a presença prévia de tecido de granulação.(AU)

Registry of Hospital das Clínicas of the University of São Paulo Medical School: first official solid organ and tissue transplantation report - 2008

OBJECTIVE: The aim of this study was to report a single center experience of organ and tissue transplantation INTRODUCTION: This is the first report of organ and tissue transplantation at the Hospital das Clínicas of the University of Sao Paulo Medical School. METHODS: We collected data from each type of organ transplantation from 2002 to 2007. The data collected were patient characteristics and actuarial survival Kaplan-Meier curves at 30 days, one year, and five years RESULTS: There were a total of 3,321 transplants at our institution and the 5-year survival curve ranged from 53 percent to 88 percent. CONCLUSION: This report shows that solid organ and tissue transplants are feasible within the institution and allow us to expect that the quality of transplantation will improve in the future.

Timpanoplastías en adultos en el Hospital Clínico de la Universidad de Chile: revisión de 10 años / Tympanoplasty in adult patients at the Hospital Clinico of the Universidad de Chile: review of 10-year experience

Introducción: La otitis media crónica simple (OMC) es motivo de consulta frecuente en nuestra especialidad y su tratamiento es quirúrgico. Objetivo: Describir las características epidemiológicas de los pacientes con OMC, evaluando las distintas técnicas quirúrgicas que se han utilizado y sus resultados tanto anatómicos como auditivos. Material y método: Este estudio fue retrospectivo y descriptivo. Se revisaron las fichas clínicas de pacientes de 14 años de edad o mayores, con diagnóstico de OMC sometidos a timpanoplastías en el período comprendido de enero de 1995 a diciembre de 2005, en el Servicio de Otorrinolaringología del Hospital Clínico de la Universidad de Chile. Resultados: De un universo total de 429 timpanoplastías, solo 240 cumplieron con los criterios de inclusión para su análisis. Dentro de este grupo se observó un predominio del sexo femenino con 63,8 por ciento, con un promedio de edad de 37 años. Respecto a la lateralidad no se encontraron diferencias importantes (50,8 por ciento de oído derecho versus 49,2 por ciento el izquierdo). El 52 por ciento fueron abordados por vía endoaural, 47 por ciento vía retroauricular y 1 por ciento vía endopreauricular En la mayoría de los casos se utilizó injerto compuesto de cartílago y pericondrio, colocándolo en forma lateral a la membrana timpánica. En el 89 por ciento de los casos la reparación de la membrana timpánica se mantuvo en el tiempo. En los casos en que se pudo hacer un seguimiento auditivo, el 83 por ciento de los pacientes mantuvo o mejoró su audición. Las complicaciones más frecuentes fueron la reperforación (10 por ciento) y la lateralización (2,92 por ciento). Conclusión: La timpanoplastía sigue siendo una intervención quirúrgica frecuente dentro de la otorrinolaringología. En nuestro estudio no encontramos diferencias importantes que relacionen la técnica utilizada y los resultados de este procedimiento a mediano plazo, tanto del punto de vista de reparación anatómica como audiométrico.

Introduction: Simple chronic otitis media (COM) is a frequent cause of consultation in ORL, and involves surgical treatment. Aim: To describe the epidemiological characteristics of COM patients, reviewing the different surgical techniques used in our ORL department, as well as its anatomical and auditory results. Material and Method: A retrospective, descriptive study. We reviewed the clinical records of all patients older than 14 years old, who presented with COM and underwent tympanoplasty between January 1995 and December 2005. Results: Out of a total of 429 tympanoplasties, only 242 fulfilled the selection criteria. Among this group there was a clear predominance of females (63.8 percent), with an average age of 37 years old. With respect to laterality there were no significant differences in the ear involved (50.8 percent, right ear; 49.2 percent, left ear). As for surgical approach, 52 percent were transaural, 47 percent retroaural, and 1 percent trans-preaural. In most cases, grafts were made of cartilage and perichondrium, positioning them lateral to the tympanic membrane. In 89 percent of cases, tympanic membrane repair was long-lasting. Of the cases in which an auditory follow-up was made, hearing was preserved or improved. The most frequent complications were recurrent perforation (10 percent), and graft lateralization (2.92 percent). Conclusion: Tympanoplasty continues to be a frequent surgical procedure in ORL. In this study we did not find evidence for a relationship between surgical technique and long-term outcome, either from the anatomical repair or audiometric viewpoints.

Ethics of tissue and stem cell trasplantation

Tissue and cell transplantation are regarded as a popular procedure in clinical sciences, prospecting a new horizon for several incurable diseases. Along with its usefulness, many ethical concerns accompany this development. The ethical issue of organ transplant is unique to the source used which includes: living related, living unrelated, cadaveric, and xenotransplant. Obtaining organs has a separate set of ethical concerns which are discussed under two headings, namely salvage and donation. Then there is the issue of organ marketing and the ethical, social, and economical issues it encompasses. All these are active areas of debate, and we have touched upon them by turn. This century has brought a new aspect of transplantation into the light, stem cell transplantation. Here we present some work done recently on mesenchymal stem cells and their outcome. These cells are now being employed in the therapy of some incurable ailments. It seems this kind of transplantation, although possessing its own range of issues, could prove to be the way of the future